Contact tracers wind up tracking a "spider web of transmission," following a pathogen like the
coronavirus as it spreads from person to person. Each person who's been infected is asked about their contacts, and then those contacts are approached.
Contact tracing hasn't been a widely implemented strategy in the COVID-19 response because the epidemic surged quickly and there were not enough tests available to figure out exactly who carried the virus, experts say.
Because of that, states were forced to use the blunt public health instrument of social isolation and shutdowns.
"You don't want to be at the height of that bell curve and try to implement a contact tracing system in your community," Freeman said. "It will be overwhelming and nearly impossible to do at that point."
But there are now parts of the country where contact tracing could be implemented as part of the effort to cut back on social isolation, experts said. These places have low levels of active COVID-19 transmission, and enough testing available to identify new cases.
"In some parts of the country that haven't seen much infection or transmission, it is absolutely possible for them to do contact tracing now," Freeman said.