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From the book "The Leadership Challenge"
Sound familiar? This is a perfect summary of what conservatives claim the government is doing to America. It comes in the form of a study regarding leadership as it pertains to business. But clearly there's a cross-over application.
When constituents have very little power, those in positions of authority can easily get people to follow orders. Under such circumstances, authority figures often attribute other people's behavior, no matter how good it is, to their own orders rather than to constituents' abilities and motivations. Stanford University researcher Jeffrey Pfeffer has found that 'if behavior occurs in the presence of a great deal of external pressure - either positive in the form of monetary inducements or negative in the form of threats and sanctions - people are likely to conclude that the external forces both caused the behavior and were, in fact, necessary to produce it'.
The most insidious thing about external control is that it actually erodes the intrinsic motivation that a person might have for a task. In other words, even the constituents begin to assume that only outside forces will compel them to do anything.
Sound familiar? This is a perfect summary of what conservatives claim the government is doing to America. It comes in the form of a study regarding leadership as it pertains to business. But clearly there's a cross-over application.