How a 12th century murder became an international Jewish conspiracy
LONDON — The earliest known story of blood libel originates in England in 1150, when Thomas of Monmouth, a Benedictine monk living in the cathedral priory in Norwich, East Anglia, began collecting notes for a narrative that he eventually published two decades later entitled “The Life and Passion of Saint William of Norwich.”
The manuscript, which currently resides in Cambridge University Library, tells the story of a young leatherworker in Norwich, who was taken to the house of an eminent Jew, where he was held for a number of days. Shortly afterwards, so the story goes, William was secretly held and subjected to “all the tortures of Christ,” before finally being murdered, mutilated and hanged from a tree in a nearby forest.
The long-standing accusation that Jews killed Christian children to use their blood — usually referred to in popular mythology as the blood libel — has never withstood historical scrutiny. But the myth, nevertheless, has fitted neatly into hundreds of years of anti-Semitism throughout all of Christendom and beyond. In her recently published book, “The Murder of William of Norwich: The Origins of the Blood Libel in Medieval Europe,” author E.M. Rose attempts to reconsider the circumstances surrounding William of Norwich’s death, which, Rose tells The Times of Israel, was the starting point of seeing Jews as an “international conspiracy.”