Consumer demand, yes. Not so sure about the tariffs. The higher tariffs imposed in Sept. 2019, were cut almost in half in Feb. 2020, and China cut their retaliatory tariffs in half as well. China reduced their tariffs again in July on certain goods and in Jan. 2021.
A major cause is government spending.
When the federal government passed the CARES Act in March 2020, there was a strong justification for doing so. For without it, the U.S. would have faced a very dark economic period, some even say a depression. Regardless, federal spending has created the largest government deficit in U.S. history. In the most recent fiscal year ending September 30, 2020, the U.S. had a $3.129 trillion budget shortfall, more than twice the $1.4 trillion deficit during the 2008 financial crisis.
In June and again in July, inflation rose by 5.3% on a year-over-year basis, marking the largest such increase since July 2008.
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