Let's see every reason why (or why not) anyone believes that government is necessary, so we can all consider them.
Uh huh
Bird's eye view: Defend the nation and its citizens; provide public goods.
• Defend the nation
• Protect the citizens from criminal actions
• Provide civil forums to resolve conflicts
• Provide forums to determine which laws should be introduced, modified and/or removed
• Provide protection from various bad actors (e.g. food suppliers who care more about profits than product safety)
• Take out the trash (who gets
that job in an anarchist collective...?)
• Build, maintain and provide infrastructure
• Provide public transit
• Provide education
• Provide medical care, or at least supervise standards of medical care
• Gather critical statistics, I could be here all day listing the stats a modern society needs to properly manage itself
• Provide safety nets, especially for the elderly, poor and disabled (including housing for the poor)
• Taking care of homeless populations
• Manage elections
• Provide a reasonably stable medium of exchange
• Regulate domestic and international trade
• Protect natural lands, preferably while providing access
• Regulate the exploitation of natural resources
• Design and enforce zoning laws
• Regulate and protect electricity grids
• Protect the environment
I'm sure I could think of more, but... you get the idea.
Not all of these work out great; the better the government, the better these functions are performed, obviously. That said, even with some bad governments, getting rid of government because they screw up is throwing the baby out with the bath water.
I have pretty much zero confidence that any anarchist society could handle a
fraction of these protective roles and/or provide these public goods. How do you stop someone from seizing swaths of pristine land in an anarchist state? You can't. How do you stop your neighbor from blasting music at top volume at 3AM in an anarchist state, when there is no one to call -- do you just grab a weapon and threaten them? How would an anarchist state stop polluters from dumping toxic waste? How does it manage a safety net, in a reliable and consistent manner? How does it regulate food supplies? How does it manage an electrical grid? How does it provide public transportation? Build a road? Decide
where to build a road?
Governments suck. But with 7 billion humans on the planet, the alternative is a non-starter.