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Popping the cap keeps the system healthy for at least another 70 years.
Point #1: The more wages that Social Security taxes, the more it owes in benefits.
Point #2: Even raising the cap by a lot would do very little to close financing shortfalls.
Point #3: About one-fifth of workers would be affected by an increase in the cap.
Point #4: Taxing 90% of national wages represents neither a historic average nor a policy intent of the 1983 reforms.
Point #5: Raising the cap fails the equity test in that it would not actually hit those individuals who benefited from an increase in income inequality since 1983.
Point #6: Raising the cap fails the equity test, part 2: even if intergenerational effects were ignored, raising the cap would still hit the wrong people –it would hit those who have already paid more because of rising income inequality.
Link (supporting arguments)
Conclusion: It is certainly reasonable to propose raising the cap on taxable wages, especially if it is combined with corrective off-setting measures. The Simpson-Bowles commission, while including a cap increase in its reform plan, was careful to combine it with a substantial decrease in the benefit schedule for high-income earners so that it would not result in higher expenditures.
Serious discussion of raising the cap, however, needs to recognize the substantial policy problems associated with the idea, and most especially as a provision offered in isolation. It would adversely affect a substantial number of workers, and it would not at all address the equity issues usually invoked in its support. Raising the cap would also produce a nettlesome choice between severing Social Security’s time-honored contribution-benefit connection vs. obligating more benefits to those who need them least. Finally, and perhaps most importantly, even a large and economically painful cap increase would only modestly reduce Social Security’s future financial shortfalls.
In my opinion, raising the cap turns something we like to call "insurance" into welfare.
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