3. Not really, but certainly in types of governments. Clearly, as in China, the people do not want democracy. But the concepts of what is democracy can be incorporated, once again just as society develops, so should government. No one I know, especially lawyers, would agree that the USC is faultless; in the development of the Canadian constitution adopted more than 200 years later, the authors tried to eliminate those errors, especially the aspect of law written by the courts.
4. The same in a general sense, but in expression, perhaps, shows the subtle differences in our cultures.
The opposite in fact. Troops in the streets are in violation of the peace. The Ferguson riots are a perfect example of the difference in cultures; the Vancouver Stanley Cup riot it is a good comparison if we leave out the motives. The VPD was faulted for not being prepared and not responding quickly enough, and had to call in the RCMP for back up. But it was "minimum force" to quell the crowd and allow firefighters into the downtown core and make arrests. Few heads were beaten, no SWAT, no shooting.
Somewhere in there is the "best" solution, how to be better prepared without inciting, how to regain the peace without becoming something that looks like it belongs ion Iraq. Then again, maybe that IS the difference in our cultures, the only time in modern history troops have been deployed against unarmed civilians was in the 1970 FLQ crisis, and that, isn't likely to ever be repeated the then Solicitor General remains an icon of hatred in many areas and he's been dead for 20 years.