There is no such thing as "Artificial Intelligence."
What people mistakenly call "AI" is actually an expert system and there is nothing intelligent about the program at all. AI is not possible with binary computers. It may become possible with quantum computers, but that remains to be seen.
Long gone are the days when a student could make sense of what is happening in the computer world. Back in the 1970s and 1980s when computers were still relatively new and unsophisticated they could be comprehended by just one individual, but not any longer. Today the computer industry is specialized and compartmentalized. You have network experts, database administrators, hardware technicians, and a wide variety of different software developers. Nobody has a complete understanding of computers any longer. Hell, they are now into Fifth and Sixth generation programming languages now. Which means just the programming language is five or six times removed from its original machine code which it still uses to function. Nobody is taught how basic functions actually work any longer, they are simply taught which functions to use and why.
Quantum computers have been around since the 1990s, but like the original Sperry-Univac, they are about the size of a small house. Which is why they are still primarily used for research and are not widely used in the commercial world for the last ~30 years. There is also the issue of developing a language for them. With binary computers it is pretty straight forward, but with qubits it is a whole other story. The one thing quantum computers will provide in ample amounts is speed. Quantum computers will make binary super computers appear to be slower than the Commodore 64 (8-bit 1.8 Mhz). With that kind of speed they will be able to blow through any kind of modern-day encryption, or possibly be fast enough to simulate artificial intelligence. Considering the technology is currently in its infancy, I would not rule out the possibility that AI may be possible with quantum computers.
For a computer to be truly artificially intelligent it must exceed its programming. If a computer, of any kind, is only able to perform what it was programmed to perform, then it is an expert system and not AI. Only by exceeding its own programming can a computer develop true AI.