You don’t, virtually all liberal democracies, and certainly the ones I’m familiar with, provide extensive protections of minority rights
You are introducing a new term, "Minority Rights," to the discussion. I have not used this term. The phrase I used to describe your argument concerning Ukrainian Language Laws was "Group Rights." In my opinion, there is a difference between Minority Rights and Group Rights.
While there is some overlap between the two concepts, group rights tend to focus more on the collective rights of a group as a whole, while minority rights focus on the individual rights of members of that group.
Group Rights refer to the special privileges that are recognized and protected for a particular group of people based on their identity or characteristics. These characteristics may include ethnicity, race, religion, gender, sexual orientation, language, or culture. Group rights are typically conferred upon groups that have historically faced discrimination or marginalization, and they are meant to ensure that these groups are treated fairly and have equal opportunities.
Minority Rights, on the other hand, refer to the rights of individuals who belong to a minority group within a society. This could include individuals who belong to a minority ethnic group, a religious minority, a linguistic minority, or any other group that is marginalized or underrepresented in society. Minority rights are often seen as a means of protecting the rights and interests of individual members of minority groups.
While there is some overlap between the two concepts, group rights tend to focus more on the collective rights of a group as a whole, while minority rights focus on the individual rights of members of that group.
The concept of minority rights is central to the philosophy forming the basis of liberal democracies because liberal democracies are founded on the principle of protecting the rights and freedoms of all individuals, including those who belong to minority groups. Liberal democracies are based on the belief that individuals have inherent rights and freedoms that must be protected from the power of the government and the majority.
In a liberal democracy, minority rights are protected through a system of laws and institutions that ensure that all individuals are treated equally under the law, regardless of their race, religion, gender, sexual orientation, or any other characteristic. This includes protections for freedom of speech, assembly, and religion, as well as protections against discrimination and unequal treatment.
However, the concept of group rights is not central to the philosophy forming the basis of liberal democracies. While liberal democracies do recognize the importance of protecting the rights of minority groups, they do not grant special rights or privileges to these groups as a whole. Instead, liberal democracies focus on protecting the rights of individual members of minority groups, rather than the group as a whole.
This approach is based on the belief that individuals have inherent rights and freedoms, and that these rights should not be dependent on their group membership. In a liberal democracy, all individuals are equal under the law, and are entitled to the same rights and freedoms regardless of their race, religion, or any other characteristic. While the government may take steps to address historical injustices and promote equality, a liberal democracy does not cease being a liberal democracies merely because it does not grant special privileges or rights to certain groups over others.
And, within the context of your argument about Ukrainian Language Laws, you are mostly referring to the loss of special privileges afforded to ethnic Russians -- as a group -- in Ukraine.