who will be paying for it?
I can tell you how I think it will go down, but the die hard alarmist don't like it, because it does not involve Government control.
The current technology can make a gallon of transport fuel (gasoline, diesel, Jet fuel,) for about 55 to 65 Kwh of electricity.
The process could be adapted to almost any modern refinery, who already have large power grid connections.
Hydrogen from water, Carbon from atmospheric CO2, and electricity to breakdown and reassemble the olefins.
The current whole sale price of electricity is about 3 to 4 cents per Kwh,
so .04 times 65 = $2.60 per gallon for jet fuel,
A barrel of oil can produce about 35 gallons of fuel product so roughly $91 a barrel oil.
Somewhere about $90 a barrel oil, the refinery operators will find it more profitable,
to make their own feedstock, rather than buy market oil.
When the lowest price choice of fuel at the pump in the carbon neutral variety, people will choose it.
The very real danger is that those who want to ware their environmental consciousness badge on their sleeve,
may be willing to pay more for a commodity product and thus delay wide acceptance.
Solar home panels are at a point that they make finical sense, from a cost savings perspective.
The limitation is the crazy buy back rules they put in place for early adopters, is killing the market because
they are causing the utilities to push back on new installs.
I think there may be some room for the refineries to buy all the surplus at near the wholesale rate, and store it as transport fuel
for their existing distribution infrastructure. Perhaps the payment for the surplus could be a fuel credit.
This is all market driven, people looking out for their own interest, but the choices have benefits beyond those interest.
Energy is the actual problem and always has been, AGW is simply a distraction from the real problem.