But the 1960s, 1950s/1960s, were also years of rapid social change, and in the name of urban renewal , in the name of highway construction, and in the name of integrating schools, etc. it was an era of massive social change and many of the neighborhoods were broken down, the neighborhood schools were broken down, and if you had asked a way to break down the social controls that neighborhoods and communities offered Milwaukee and many other cities could provide you with a good example because all the agencies of social control, all the agencies of socialization really came under well-meaning but nevertheless an assault that broke down their ability to maintain order and to keep youths especially under control. And so Milwaukee started, along with most other cities at that time, a movement towards increase crime, but also antagonism developed between police and the African American community and that… and we know about the riots of the 1960s. For most people now those riots are history, but I remember being on the streets of Milwaukee after the riots, seeing the military on the streets, and it was something tragic to see. But an antagonistic relationship started then between the Milwaukee police department and citizens… excuse me… and African American citizens that really lasted up until the current scene.
