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Not necessarily, added greenhouse gases absorb specific wavelengths, but that energy likely just moves around the wavelength dependentGreenhouse gasses make OLR smaller.
blockage and escapes at a longer wavelength. Keep in mind that to show much of anything on the line by line database they
had to radically increase the differential, but in the real world the CO2 level has not even doubled once.
Feedbacks require an initial input, if there is no initial energy imbalance, then there are no feedbacks.Interesting that you say directly. Are you saying it may be a feedback to temperature rise?
But the line by line database, likely is not adjusting to atmospheric changes in real time.? The line by line databases can be looked at over time which was done in the study I cited.
We do not actually know that, again there is no empirical evidence that added CO2 causes warming.A single doubling has a significant difference on our lives.
Sorry the electrical grid does work that way, supply has to line up with demand, in under a second.On average to the grid the result is the same.
A solar system designed to cover peak loads in Summer in the South, will generate massive surpluses in the Spring and Fall,I agree that PtF has potential, particularly for load balancing. However, it only makes sense that it will always be more expensive than the solar used to make it. It seems like we should just use the solar power directly as much as possible. If PtF proves to be commercially viable by that time EVs will be ubiquitous.
and likely some surpluses in the Winter. Net metering has distorted the value of surplus solar electricity, but the real value is likely
slightly less than the wholesale price. As for value, electricity generated that does not have a demand for that electricity, is lost at a 100% rate,
and could even damage the grid. Power to Liquid could be much closer than you think and could be transitioned globally in a year or two.
We do not have access to the big oil companies research, but the Navy and Sunfire have stated that storage efficiencies
between 60 and 80 % are possible. 60% would place market viability at a sustained oil price of $96 a barrel.
The battery is a problem because of low energy density, and slow recharge times.Yes.
Why is the battery a problem?
Catastrophic failure is also a bit of a problem.
The world is not quickly adopting battery electric vehicles, and they are not an option for many people, and oil demand is growing.With the world quickly adopting EVs (except for the US) I wonder how long it will take for oil to become expensive. It seems like we will see a reduction in demand.
There is a difference between choosing to stop, and being required to.Sounds like torture to drive 1000 miles with only one 10 minute stop. Your stops on a long trip may be a little longer with an EV, but you will be able to eat lunch and stretch your legs. Also don’t forget that you won’t have to waste time going to gas stations for the rest of the year if you charge at home, work, etc.
You have to have a home with a charger set up, how many people who live in apartments has a private parking space,
with the electrical meter tied to their apartment?
I think we have room too improve, but our problem is we are not challenging ourselves, not China.Yes. Big time based on this measurement:
These new results reveal the stunning shift in research leadership over the past two decades towards large economies in the Indo-Pacific, led by China’s exceptional gains. The US led in 60 of 64 technologies in the five years from 2003 to 2007, but in the most recent five years (2019–2023) is leading in seven. China led in just three of 64 technologies in 2003–2007 but is now the lead country in 57 of 64 technologies in 2019–2023, increasing its lead from our rankings last year (2018–2022), where it was leading in 52 technologies.
https://www.aspi.org.au/report/aspis-two-decade-critical-technology-tracker/
Meanwhile we are attacking science, universities and cutting back on research.
Go to almost any University graduation and listen to the names called out in science and engineering,
most are not European based names.