I didn't know that part, thanks. But it was mostly not a moral issue, it seems, and had numerous reasons, including abuse of Spanish colonists.
From Google AI:
Yes, the Spanish monarchs fired Christopher Columbus from his position as governor and had him arrested and sent back to Spain in chains in 1500 due to his brutal rule over both native inhabitants and Spanish colonists.
While his treatment of the Indigenous Taíno people was a factor in his dismissal, the Crown's motivations were complex. The primary reasons for his removal included:
- Widespread mismanagement: Both Spanish settlers and the Indigenous population complained to the Crown about Columbus's tyranny, brutality, and inability to maintain order.
- Brutality toward Spanish colonists: Reports to the Crown detailed Columbus's extreme cruelty toward Spanish settlers. Punishments included mutilation, such as cutting off ears and noses, for offenses like stealing grain.
- Enslavement of natives: Queen Isabella was particularly angered by Columbus's decision to enslave the native people, whom she considered subjects of the Crown, without her authorization. She ordered some of the enslaved individuals to be returned to their homes.
- Economic failure: The colony in Hispaniola was largely an economic failure and did not produce the wealth Columbus had promised.
The investigation and arrest
After receiving numerous complaints, King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella sent royal commissioner Francisco de Bobadilla to Hispaniola to investigate. Upon arriving and seeing the chaos, Bobadilla arrested Columbus and his brothers for official misconduct. The Spanish rulers sent Columbus back to Spain in chains, and while he was eventually pardoned and released, he was stripped of his authority as governor.
The Crown's priorities
Despite his removal from power, Columbus was still allowed to make one final voyage. This shows that while the Spanish Crown was disturbed by his mismanagement, they did not hold the same moral indignation as modern society toward his cruelty toward Indigenous people. They were largely focused on restoring order and securing the colony's economic viability. They replaced him with a new governor who continued the exploitation of the native population.