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Zumwalt class DDG 1000 guns downsized

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Navy Swaps Out Anti-Swarm Boat Guns on DDG-1000s

>" The Navy has replaced two 57mm guns planned on the Zumwalt-class guided missile destroyer designed to fight off swarm boat attacks with a smaller pair of 30mm guns, Naval Sea Systems Command (NAVSEA) told USNI News on Monday.

The trio of Zumwalt-class ships were originally designed to field the BAE Systems MK 110 close-in gun system (CIGS) — a gun used on both classes of Littoral Combat Ships (LCS) — to provide the ship’s company options to fight off so-called swarm boat attacks of the ship as part of a 2005 critical design review (CDR).

“The basis of that decision was the expected performance of the gun and its munitions, coupled with desire for commonality in [Navy] and [the Coast Guard], according to a NAVSEA statement provided to USNI News.

But in order to save weight and costs, NAVSEA elected to install twin General Dynamics 30 mm Mk 46 Gun System instead..."<

There's more. -> Navy Swaps Out Anti-Swarm Boat Guns on DDG-1000s - USNI News

Comment:

Who are designing our warships today for the U.S. Navy ?

First they built the "Little Crappy Ship" aka LCS in which it's main gun armemnt is the Bofor 57 mm pea shooter. :2rofll:
Further Scrutiny for the "Little Crappy Ship" | Citizens Against Government Waste

Now a brand new class of ship and it already having a weight problem ? :eek: So the solution is to remove the DDG 1000 secondary 57 MM gun armament and replacing it with a 30 MM chain gun ? :lamo


57 mm/70 (2.25") Mark 110 -> Sweden 57 mm/70 (2.25") SAK Marks 1, 2 and 3

30 mm (1.2") Bushmaster II Mark 46 -> USA 30 mm Bushmaster II Mark 44
 
Sorry, I just don't get the concept of the LCS or Zumwalt class ships at all.

An addition to our Arleigh Burke class ships I can understand, There is a place in the navy for another class of Guided Missile Destroyer. But at least I am glad that the original plan of replacing the Burke's with the Zumwalt's seems to have been put on indefinite hold, with Burkes expected to be made for at least another 15+ years.
 
Sorry, I just don't get the concept of the LCS or Zumwalt class ships at all.

An addition to our Arleigh Burke class ships I can understand, There is a place in the navy for another class of Guided Missile Destroyer. But at least I am glad that the original plan of replacing the Burke's with the Zumwalt's seems to have been put on indefinite hold, with Burkes expected to be made for at least another 15+ years.

What I can't figure out, a brand new class of ship that already has a weight problem ??? That means no room for evolving, adding new weapons platforms in the future.
And the 57 MM Bofor is a dual purpose gun. >" Bofors claimed that this gun was dual-purpose in that it was accurate and agile enough to destroy sea-skimmers and that it could put more explosives into a surface target in thirty seconds than any gun smaller than 10 cm (3.9")."<

All of the other navies who have adopted the Bofor 57 MM seem to be happy and have no problems with it. But the American manufactured version seems not to work most of the time.
 
The 30mm is perfectly adequate for taking on small boats, which is all it will ever be used for.

Neither gun is suitable for engaging anti-ship missiles
 
The 30mm is perfectly adequate for taking on small boats, which is all it will ever be used for.

Neither gun is suitable for engaging anti-ship missiles

Maybe not able to engage Russian supersonic anti-ship missiles but no problem with dealing with American type sub-sonic anti-ship missiles. :lol:

The Bofor 57 MM was the replacement of the famous Bofor 40 MM guns.

The Bofor 57 MM is a dual purpose gun, anti surface both sea and land and ant-air.

Ammunition:

The 57mm Mk-295 ammunition is based on the Bofors Defence all-target Programmable, Pre-fragmented, Proximity-fuzed (3P) ammunition. The Mk-295 ammo has six operating modes, each programmable by the fire control system to combat all surface, air and shore threats.

They include:
Proximity (Air)
Gated Proximity (Air, Anti-jamming)
Gated Proximity with Impact Priority (Air, Large Targets)
Precision Time (Surface)
Armor Piercing (Surface and Shore)
Impact (Shore)

This increases the flexibility and effectiveness of the gun system, which has further reduced the reaction time of the gun and it is possible to choose ammunition mode at the moment of firing, giving it the ability to switch rapidly between surface targets, air targets as well as ground targets.

Air burst capabilities permit the engagement of concealed targets, small, fast-maneuvering naval craft and anti-ship cruise missiles.

Known as Rapid Switchover for Maritime Intercept Operations (MIO), this all-target ammunition enables the gun to fire warning shots, step up to disabling fires, then instantly switch to lethal fires if required to slow, stop or destroy a vessel of interest.


General Characteristics:
Manufacturer: BAE Systems, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
Caliber: 57mm (57mm/70-caliber)
Barrel lenght: bore lenght = 3,99 meters / 157.09 inches (= 70 caliber)
Shell: 57x438mm
Range: 10.5 miles / 17 kilometers, max.
Rate of Fire: up to 220 rounds/minute (4 rounds per second)
Elevation: -10° to + 77° / maximum elevating speed: 44°/sec.
Train: unlimited / maximum train speed: 57°/sec.
Weight, complete without ammunition: 14960 lbs / 6800 kg

Ammunition Capacity: 120 ready-rounds in gun-mounting.
(up to 1000 rounds in the ship magazines ready to be loaded into the hoists when ordered, via two ammunition hoists)
Time for loading rounds: 3-4 minutes

Ammunition:
Mk-295 3P all-target, 6-mode programmable, pre-fragmented and proximity-fused (3P)
Mk-296 TP training projectile

Mk-110 57 mm naval gun system Bofors BAE Systems LCS class

 
At the risk of resurrecting a dead thread I missed the first time around, the fire control system for the secondary guns on the Zumwal's is not suitable for use against fast airborne targets - it is intended only for use against surface craft and perhaps helicopters. Therefore whether or not the 57mm gun can shoot down missiles or aircraft (it can) is moot. The 30mm gun is more than adequate for the task of dealing with small surface threats and is indeed used for that task already on several classes of Navy warship.

Lets not forget, the Zumwalt's were originally going to get 40mm Bofors guns. The decision to go with 57mm was simply based on the fact the gun had been adopted by the Navy and Coasties for use on other classes so there would be commonality. It was not a tactical or performance-based decision.
 
At the risk of resurrecting a dead thread I missed the first time around, the fire control system for the secondary guns on the Zumwal's is not suitable for use against fast airborne targets - it is intended only for use against surface craft and perhaps helicopters. Therefore whether or not the 57mm gun can shoot down missiles or aircraft (it can) is moot. The 30mm gun is more than adequate for the task of dealing with small surface threats and is indeed used for that task already on several classes of Navy warship.

Lets not forget, the Zumwalt's were originally going to get 40mm Bofors guns. The decision to go with 57mm was simply based on the fact the gun had been adopted by the Navy and Coasties for use on other classes so there would be commonality. It was not a tactical or performance-based decision.

That is why ships like the LCS have other weapons that are designed to shoot down airborne targets. The 20x4 VLS modules with RIM-66 and Sea Sparrow missiles.

However, idiotically the vessel does not have a single CIWS turret. The only weapon it has to shoot down inbound missiles or aircraft is the Sea Sparrow and RIM-66. There are third world Corvettes that have more offensive and defensive firepower then that thing has.
 
That is why ships like the LCS have other weapons that are designed to shoot down airborne targets. The 20x4 VLS modules with RIM-66 and Sea Sparrow missiles.

However, idiotically the vessel does not have a single CIWS turret. The only weapon it has to shoot down inbound missiles or aircraft is the Sea Sparrow and RIM-66. There are third world Corvettes that have more offensive and defensive firepower then that thing has.

The USN does not currently have an effective CIWS gun system, Phalanx being effectively obsolete in that role and thus being re-tasked to a primarily anti-surface mission. ESSM is waaaayyyyyyyyyy better against missiles anyway. That's what it is for.

Be careful to not count gun barrels (or missile launchers) as a measure of military effectiveness or power. That ceased to be a reliable measure about 100 years ago.
 
The USN does not currently have an effective CIWS gun system, Phalanx being effectively obsolete in that role and thus being re-tasked to a primarily anti-surface mission. ESSM is waaaayyyyyyyyyy better against missiles anyway. That's what it is for.

Be careful to not count gun barrels (or missile launchers) as a measure of military effectiveness or power. That ceased to be a reliable measure about 100 years ago.

What?

Did you just say what I think you said?

headbashwall.gif


Tell you what, next time come in and freaking know what the hell you are talking about, ok?

The Phalanx is not "effectively obsolete", it has actually been very successful in defeating real inbound threats in real world combat uses.

And no, no, no, no, freaking no! It is not being "retasked for surface threats". The system can't be deflected low enough to be of use against surface threats. That is a capability added in the newer systems, primarily because most modern ships have nothing else to use against near surface threats. But it's primary target is the same it has been since it's inception, inbound missiles.

And counting missiles is not the same as counting gun barrels. This is a fail also.

You can't compare the two for one very obvious reason. Because they are not the same. Now let me explain this fail.

In modern warships, the number of guns and barrels is irrelevant. This is because that is no longer the main armament, that is the missiles. And the number of launchers is irrelevant, these can fire their missiles very quickly, it is the total number of missiles carried that is important. Because this is the real factor of sustainability in combat, how long until her ammo bunkers are empty and she has to withdraw fro combat because she has nothing left to throw at the enemy.

In the days of Naval Cannons, all ships went to see with at least 150-250 rounds per gun. So for an Iowa class ship, that is from 1,170-2,250 rounds total. For the Zumwalt class ships, that is 20 modules with 4 launch cells per module, or around 80 missiles. And they are not all going to be anti-air missiles either, they will be spread out between RIM-66, Sea Sparrow, Tomahawk, SUBROC, and possibly others.

So in an ideal world they are only going to have a handful of missiles they can throw at inbound missiles and aircraft, then they are going to di-di-mao away from the combat area, because they will no longer be able to protect themselves from such threats.

But please-please-please, give us the reference that shows that the Phalanx is "obsolete".
 
What?

Did you just say what I think you said?

headbashwall.gif


Tell you what, next time come in and freaking know what the hell you are talking about, ok?

The Phalanx is not "effectively obsolete", it has actually been very successful in defeating real inbound threats in real world combat uses.

And no, no, no, no, freaking no! It is not being "retasked for surface threats". The system can't be deflected low enough to be of use against surface threats. That is a capability added in the newer systems, primarily because most modern ships have nothing else to use against near surface threats. But it's primary target is the same it has been since it's inception, inbound missiles.

And counting missiles is not the same as counting gun barrels. This is a fail also.

You can't compare the two for one very obvious reason. Because they are not the same. Now let me explain this fail.

In modern warships, the number of guns and barrels is irrelevant. This is because that is no longer the main armament, that is the missiles. And the number of launchers is irrelevant, these can fire their missiles very quickly, it is the total number of missiles carried that is important. Because this is the real factor of sustainability in combat, how long until her ammo bunkers are empty and she has to withdraw fro combat because she has nothing left to throw at the enemy.

In the days of Naval Cannons, all ships went to see with at least 150-250 rounds per gun. So for an Iowa class ship, that is from 1,170-2,250 rounds total. For the Zumwalt class ships, that is 20 modules with 4 launch cells per module, or around 80 missiles. And they are not all going to be anti-air missiles either, they will be spread out between RIM-66, Sea Sparrow, Tomahawk, SUBROC, and possibly others.

So in an ideal world they are only going to have a handful of missiles they can throw at inbound missiles and aircraft, then they are going to di-di-mao away from the combat area, because they will no longer be able to protect themselves from such threats.

But please-please-please, give us the reference that shows that the Phalanx is "obsolete".

Back in the late 1980's the RN had bought a bunch of Mk 15 Phalanx on an emergency basis post-Falkland's. Then they set about looking for a more permanent solution to arm ships for which Sea Wolf was too massive. So they did some testing where they determined that against an Exocet type target (not hugely sophisticated or powerful) Phalanx would destroy the target on average when it was about 300 meters from the ship. At that range the ship would be peppered with fragments from the exploding missile which could still do serious damage - knocking out waveguides and other electronics and so on. The 10 February, 1983 accident involving USS Antrim bears this out. Goalkeeper would kill the same target at about 800 meters from the ship - still too close but much better.

The RN bought Goalkeeper.

The results are no big surprise. Back in 1944-45 sailors knew that if they heard the 20mm Oerlikon's open up it was time to hit the deck because that Kamikaze was probably going to hit. The round is too small and the range is too short.

Recall that Mk 15 Phalanx was a temporary 'stop-gap' system developed in the late 1970's after the failure of Sea Mauler. By about 1983 it was supposed to start getting withdrawn in favor of RAM which as it turned out came a decade late. The result of that being Mk 15 was far more widely deployed than originally intended. I don't think anyone involved in the program back then even expected it to still be in service 35 years later.

Today Mk 15 is seen much more as an anti-surface system than a last-ditch "hit the decks" anti-missile system. That was of course a primary goal of the Block 1B (Phalanx Surface Mode) upgrade from 1999 which adds a forward looking infrared (FLIR) sensor to allow the weapon to be used against surface targets. If you look at new construction the hard-kill anti-missile role is being assumed by RAM and ESSM to the extent that some Mk 15's are being deleted - late production Burke's for example.

The only attempt to use Mk 15 in its original anti-missile last-layer-of-defense role in combat to which I am aware is the 25 February, 1991 missile attack on the USS Missouri battlegroup where the Phalanx of the Frigate USS Jerret locked on and fired at the SRBOC chaff cloud created by USS Missouri, sending 4 rounds into the battleship.

Since I didn't ask anyone to compare counting gun barrels to counting missiles I can not answer that strawman. What I said was that in the modern era counting gun barrels (OR missiles) is not an accurate means of assessing real-world combat power.
 
Back in the late 1980's the RN had bought a bunch of Mk 15 Phalanx on an emergency basis post-Falkland's. Then they set about looking for a more permanent solution to arm ships for which Sea Wolf was too massive. So they did some testing where they determined that against an Exocet type target (not hugely sophisticated or powerful) Phalanx would destroy the target on average when it was about 300 meters from the ship. At that range the ship would be peppered with fragments from the exploding missile which could still do serious damage - knocking out waveguides and other electronics and so on. The 10 February, 1983 accident involving USS Antrim bears this out. Goalkeeper would kill the same target at about 800 meters from the ship - still too close but much better.

You are comparing a 1983 with the first generation of Phalanx with modern versions? And do you think that getting hit with a missile is going to do less damage then being struck by some debris? Please tell me, which would be worse for a ship. Getting hit from the debris of a destroyed EXOCET, or getting hit with an EXOCET?

How about this. Let's see how bad the damage was then compare. The damage to the USS Antrim FFG-20 Oliver Hazard Perry class frigate, was not significant 10 February 1983). The ship underwent minor repairs and continued it's mission. And just over a month later, it was in a collision with the USS Flatley (FFG-21) on 16 March 1983. This does not seem like "significant damage" at all. Significant damage takes months to repair, the USS Flatley spent less then a month being repaired, and was back at sea by the end of February.

USS Antrim FFG-20

That by the way is a reference.

Now let's compare this to what an EXOCET can do to a ship, shall we? And we actually have one, the USS Stark, another Oliver Hazard Perry class frigate, FFG-31. She was struck by an EXOCET in May 1987, the ship was almost sunk, and 37 crew members died. This ship was out of commission for over a year, not returning to service until August 1988.

So unless you can prove to me that the debris can do anywhere near as much damage as a missile itself, your claims are pretty much busted, failed, complete failure.

You are trying to compare first generation CIWS with modern CIWS. Yes, Goalkeeper today would engage the target at a greater distance - as would Phalanx. But Goalkeeper at that time would have engaged it at the same range as Phalanx. This has nothing to do with the weapon itself, but in the capabilities of RADAR and target processing at that time. It is as big of a fail as taking the original PATRIOT air defense system, and trying to say it is the same as the PAC-3 system of today. Or that a modern IOTV (Improved Outer Tactical Vest) is the same as the M-1952A.

BTW, are you aware that the Goalkeeper you are talking about has about half the range of the Phalanx? Or that it Phalanx has been used in real world in hundreds of successful intercepts in combat? Not just training and tests, but real world intercepts of hostile inbound targets.

And you fail once again. I do not bring up the number of missiles as an example of combat power, but as an example of it's sustainability. So once again, the fail is on you, you are the one trying to turn what I state into something completely different, and failing.

So please, spare us your inaccurate and biased personal opinions that are detached from reality, and give us references, eh?
 
You are comparing a 1983 with the first generation of Phalanx with modern versions? And do you think that getting hit with a missile is going to do less damage then being struck by some debris? Please tell me, which would be worse for a ship. Getting hit from the debris of a destroyed EXOCET, or getting hit with an EXOCET?

How about this. Let's see how bad the damage was then compare. The damage to the USS Antrim FFG-20 Oliver Hazard Perry class frigate, was not significant 10 February 1983). The ship underwent minor repairs and continued it's mission. And just over a month later, it was in a collision with the USS Flatley (FFG-21) on 16 March 1983. This does not seem like "significant damage" at all. Significant damage takes months to repair, the USS Flatley spent less then a month being repaired, and was back at sea by the end of February.

USS Antrim FFG-20

That by the way is a reference.

Now let's compare this to what an EXOCET can do to a ship, shall we? And we actually have one, the USS Stark, another Oliver Hazard Perry class frigate, FFG-31. She was struck by an EXOCET in May 1987, the ship was almost sunk, and 37 crew members died. This ship was out of commission for over a year, not returning to service until August 1988.

So unless you can prove to me that the debris can do anywhere near as much damage as a missile itself, your claims are pretty much busted, failed, complete failure.

You are trying to compare first generation CIWS with modern CIWS. Yes, Goalkeeper today would engage the target at a greater distance - as would Phalanx. But Goalkeeper at that time would have engaged it at the same range as Phalanx. This has nothing to do with the weapon itself, but in the capabilities of RADAR and target processing at that time. It is as big of a fail as taking the original PATRIOT air defense system, and trying to say it is the same as the PAC-3 system of today. Or that a modern IOTV (Improved Outer Tactical Vest) is the same as the M-1952A.

BTW, are you aware that the Goalkeeper you are talking about has about half the range of the Phalanx? Or that it Phalanx has been used in real world in hundreds of successful intercepts in combat? Not just training and tests, but real world intercepts of hostile inbound targets.

And you fail once again. I do not bring up the number of missiles as an example of combat power, but as an example of it's sustainability. So once again, the fail is on you, you are the one trying to turn what I state into something completely different, and failing.

So please, spare us your inaccurate and biased personal opinions that are detached from reality, and give us references, eh?

I think you are missing the point entirely, and too eager to take my comments out of proper context.

Mk 15 was always seen as an interim, 'stop-gap' solution pending the availability of a more permanent solution to the problem. The most common threat at the time it was conceived was P-15, which seems a rather quaint weapon today. Mk 15's longevity in service is a combination of accident not intent, plus there are some positives from the logistics and ship fitting end. Phalanx's replacement was a decade late and slow to enter service even then. Phalanx is relatively cheap, requires no deck penetration and is entirely self-contained (no reliance on shipboard combat systems) making it attractive to retrofitting to older ships or fitting to auxiliaries without combat systems. These factors have been the primary reason for its longevity.

The Mk 15 Phalanx performance is adequate against older subsonic sea-skimmers but I really wouldn't want my life to depend on it against say one of those big Russian supersonic zenith-divers. The fundamental problems are fundamental: Limited multi-target tracking (due to the closed-loop tracking system), short effective range and limited lethality of the small round. A missile solution which could defeat the threat further away from the ship is and was always the better solution. Barring that, a more powerful gun with longer range and hitting power to keep fragments out of the ship. Notice other navies (not dependent on U.S. aid) all went with either larger caliber, longer ranged guns or with compact short range missile systems (or both). Italy for example had DARDO, originally with twin 40mm guns, later replaced by single fast-firing 76mm guns. The Dutch adopted Goalkeeper with a larger, more powerful 30mm gun (the same gun used in the A-10). The Turks adopted Seaguard with powerful 25mm guns. The British of course relied primarily on Sea Wolf for those ships which could support it, Goalkeeper or Phalanx for those that couldn't. The Dane's like the 35mm Millenium. The Soviets/Russians used a variety of 30mm systems and missiles. The only other navy to develop its own equivalent 20mm CIWS was Spain and they have given up on it, not fitting Meroka to recent new construction.

I am not sure why you want to argue that fragments from nearby exploding ordnance are not harmful to a warship. The Antrim example was included to illustrate what I was referring to when I said Phalanx's kill range was too short, allowing fragments from the missile to continue on into the ship and damage it anyway, even if the missile was technically "destroyed". If Phalanx had a longer effective range, Antrim would not have been pelted with fragments from the drone. And lets remember, Antrim was shooting at a drone with no warhead, not at a missile. I was by no means inferring that the specific damage inflicted by this drone in this specific incident was representative of the damage a sea skimming anti-ship missile with a live warhead would do. Please take the time to read what I am posting within its context. If you are unclear of the context please ask. If you want an example of damage from missile fragments then I would refer you to the incident involving USS Warden in I believe it was April 1972 in which she effectively lost most of her radar and fire control to fragments from a Shrike missile.

Speaking of un-supported claims, you have made several:

1. You claim Goalkeeper, firing the larger 30x173 ammunition has half the range of Phalanx firing the 20x102 round. I am curious how you arrived at that.
2. You have claimed Phalanx has been used in "hundreds of successful intercepts in combat." My count is zero. Please enlighten me as to the difference in our figures.

It is no crime to say that a piece of hardware, intended as a short-term, stop-gap solution and conceived nearly 4 decades ago has done its job and now it is time to move forward. The U.S. Navy clearly has. I honestly don't understand what you are getting so worked up about.

So far as how to measure real combat power in a modern warship, that is probably a good subject for its own thread. We are already off-topic enough with the Phalanx derail.
 
1. You claim Goalkeeper, firing the larger 30x173 ammunition has half the range of Phalanx firing the 20x102 round. I am curious how you arrived at that.

Here we go once gain. You really do not understand the weapons, or how they operate, so you are simply challenging because you do not want to accept facts. Well, ok. Let me educate you then.

It is what is known as the "Flat Trajectory Range". When you are firing like this, you do not want your rounds operating in a ballistic fashion, but in a flat trajectory. And the Phalanx has a flat trajectory range of 3,600 meters.

The Goalkeeper only has a flat trajectory range of 2,000 meters. That is a 1.6 km difference. Now granted, the larger round will do more damage when it hits, but it can not be fired as soon because of the ballistics of the round involved.

This has nothing to do with the actual "range" of the weapon, but the range in which the rounds travel in a straight line. The 30mm round itself has a longer range then the 20mm. But not in the way you want in a CIWS system.

Make more sense now? Most weapons systems have the ballistic path in mind, and use it to their advantage (as in plunging fire into dead zones). This is something you do not want in a CIWS, and a lighter and smaller round is more advantageous.

2. You have claimed Phalanx has been used in "hundreds of successful intercepts in combat." My count is zero. Please enlighten me as to the difference in our figures.

Implied-Facepalm.jpg


I need to enlighten you, because you are unable to do research. But here, let me school you in.

Watch this video from Iraq, ok?



Here is another:



And another from Afghanistan:



I present to you the Centurion C-RAM system. Basically a Navy Phalanx pulled off of a ship and placed on a trailer. This have been used Thousands of times successfully, and have shot down as it's name states, "Rockets, Artillery and Mortars". And yes, the British use this exact same system from the US, they have not made their own copies with the Goalkeeper.

And as an FYI, most artillery comes in at right around 350 meters per second (just over MACH 1), has no rocket plume, and is significantly smaller then a missile like the EXOCET. So do not even try to tell me that these are easier to hit, they are significantly harder, the only advantage is that the trajectory brings them higher so they can fire at the target at a greater distance.

It is no crime to say that a piece of hardware, intended as a short-term, stop-gap solution and conceived nearly 4 decades ago has done its job and now it is time to move forward. The U.S. Navy clearly has. I honestly don't understand what you are getting so worked up about.

So far as how to measure real combat power in a modern warship, that is probably a good subject for its own thread. We are already off-topic enough with the Phalanx derail.

But the PHALANX in use today is not the same PHALANX that was introduced over 35 years ago. That is your biggest mistake.

Phalanx Block 0 production started in 1978 with orders for 23 USN and 14 Foreign Military Sales (FMS) systems.

Phalanx Block 1 saw service introduction in 1988. Block 1 baseline 0 upgrades included a larger magazine (1,500 rounds), a multiple pulse repetition frequency search radar, an expanded radar search envelope to counter diving targets as well as reliability and maintainability improvements. Block 1 was also able to engage targets diving at steeper angles than Block 0 could handle. Block 1 replaced the 2-D scanning antenna of Block 0 with a four-plate back-to-back antenna that continuously searches from the horizon up to the vertical. The cease-fire protocol was changed to match the burst length to the type of target being engaged, thus conserving ammunition and allowing a greater number of targets to be engaged. In automatic control, the gun will prioritize the first six threats it sees at about 10,000 yards (9,100 m) and engage at 4,000 yards (3,600 m).

Block 1 baseline 1 replaced the hydraulic gun drive with a pneumatic (air-driven) gun drive system that increased the rate of fire to 4,500 rounds per minute. Search radar sensitivity was also improved in this upgrade. Block 1 baseline 2 introduced further reliability upgrades along with a muzzle restraint to decrease dispersion. As installed on multiple non-Aegis and Aegis ships, neither the original Phalanx Block 0 nor the subsequent Block 1 baseline 0, 1, or 2 upgrades were integrated with a ship self-defense system.

The Phalanx Block 1A incorporated a high-order language computer in order to better process engagement algorithms and provided improved performance against maneuvering targets. Block 1A also provided for basic integration with the Ship Self Defense System and enabled RAM missile engagement through the Phalanx detection and track function.

Block 1B improvements include Optimized Gun Barrels (OGB) and a new integrated forward looking infrared system (FLIR). The OGB are electrically controlled, pneumatically driven and fire a new Enhanced Lethality Cartridge (ELC). The Phalanx FLIR provides increased capability to search, track and engage coastal warfare threats as well as provide better anti-ship missile defense. Phalanx Block 1B saw service evaluation in 1999 aboard USS Underwood (FFG-36) and was first operationally installed on USS Taylor (FFG-50) in September 2000.
USA 20 mm Phalanx Close-in Weapon System (CIWS)

See what I mean when I say that the Phalanx in use today is not the same thing? The gun barrels themselves are about the only thing left. The original models were really pretty crude, and in keeping with the capabilities of the time. Today, it is a fully integrated and modern system, that even connects to the powerful AEGIS combat system. They are faster, have much more powerful computers, more powerful RADARs, and are as advanced as a 1978 Toyota Corolla is from a 2014 Toyota Prius.

This is why you fail. You only have a crude understanding at best of these weapons, how they operate, and how they have changed over the decades. Hell, this should be obvious in that it has picked up over 1,100 pounds of weight since it first entered service.

And the Royal Navy, it does use Phalanx CIWS. The Type 45 Destroyers, Phalanx. The HMS Ocean amphibious assault ship, Phalanx. The Albion class amphibious transport dock, Goalkeeper.

And yes, I have to agree about this being pointless though. Once again you jump into a military topic, without any real understanding of what you are claiming. You make baseless statements, not really understanding what you are saying. And then insist that you are right, even though you really have no concept what it is you are saying. You confuse sustainability with combat power, confuse caliber of round with it's trajectory, and do not even know that Phalanx has been in combat for years.
 
Can we stop with the petty insults and the put downs and discuss this like adults please? This is beginning to be like dealing with the woo peddlers in CT.
 
Can we stop with the petty insults and the put downs and discuss this like adults please? This is beginning to be like dealing with the woo peddlers in CT.

It is not petty insult on you directly, simply on your lack of research.

You have to understand, I am very familiar with this equipment, and do quite a bit of research any time I make a post. It is not unusual for me to have 4 or 5 different windows open when I make a response, and I do understand what is involved in these and many other weapons systems.

In the case of Phalanx, I take into consideration the ballistics trajectory of the round, as well as the great deal of advances in the system since it's inception in the late 1970's. You are not taking any consideration, and repeatedly refer to it as "antiquated", as if it was still the original Block 0 equipment delivered over 30 years ago. You seem to see something static, I see yet another military weapon system that has changed and been improved multiple times throughout the years.

And they have not stopped either. There is yet another entirely new RADAR system that is going to be completed in the next few years.

Navy awards $260-million work to Raytheon

That is talking about the contract awarded in 2009, which in this fiscal year will complete upgrading all Phalanx CIWS units deployed with the US Navy to the Block 1B configuration, the newest standard model.

http://defensetech.org/2013/08/21/navy-overhauls-phalanx-ship-defense-weapon/

That is describing another upgrade program currently underway. Due to be completed in 5 years, it is already being done on ships as they report for major refits. Called "Block 1B Baseline 2, in incorporates an entirely new RADAR system, a base that allows it to be aimed even lower, as well as a video tracking and aiming system.

In short, this is not your grandfather's Phalanx system.

I do not mean to be personally insulting, but I would hope next time you take the time to do some research. Repeatedly you referred to the system as "obsolete" and was a stop-gap designed 40 years ago. It was never "stop-gap", and it's constant improvement and refinements over the decades shows that. As does another component of the system, the RIM-116 Rolling Airframe Missile (SEARAM) housing.

4f05fc6c9d386.image.jpg


This is getting a lot of attention, because it combines the Phalanx RADAR system, with the RIM-116 missile (basically a modified AIM-9 Sidewinder), and combines the two in a system designed to be placed with little modifications into the standard Phalanx CIWS mount. And it is even starting to get some attention in the US Army as a potential starting point for a new version of the old MIM-72 Chaparral system.

RNsPmJo.jpg


The 1990's were rough to the Army Air Defense units. 3 entire weapons systems were phased out during this time (MIM-72 Chaparral, M163 Vulcan, MIM-23 HAWK), and nothing was introduced to replace them. And with the success of the Centurion C-RAM, many are looking at this to be a possible replacement for 2 of those systems. CIWS for C-RAM, ground, and close air missions, and some vehicles in a Centurion Battalion to have SeaRAM for air threats. And a vehicle simply needs to change out the turret to move from one mission to the other.

I have spent 5 years in Air Defense, and this is the type of advancement that we in that field talk about. And many of us got to see the system during testing, because all systems like this are tested on USS Desert Ship (LLS-1), homeported at White Sands, New Mexico. I have seen that building many times, rather cool. This is where all such systems are tested prior to being actually placed on ships. From CIWS and SeaRAM to Railguns and other proposed weapon systems.

14603
 
You do mean to be insulting because you use insults.
You frequently employ strawmen to rebut arguments I never made.
You make assumptions about what I know and don't know without finding out what I know or don't know because you are too busy re-inventing what I do or don't know.
You use the combat record of a system used on land to shoot down mortar bombs to support the performance record of a system designed to be used on a pitching and rolling ships deck against missiles without saying that is what you are doing which is at least, deceitful.

Like I said, if I wanted to be treated like that I'd head back over to CT.

That Mk 15 Phalanx was originally intended as a short-term solution is a matter of historical record, as is the fact it has outlived that original intent for a variety of reasons, already spelled out.
That Mk 15 Phalanx is falling out of favor with the USN as a means of protecting its new construction warships from missile threats is obvious from the fact it doesn't feature on much new construction in spite of the no doubt sizeable stockpile of stored second-hand systems. 10-15 years ago they were still putting CIWS on everything.
Continuing the above line of reasoning are the upgrades to Mk 15 intended to give it enhanced performance against surface targets - not part of the systems original requirement.
That the Mk 15 systems still widely deployed continue to be updated has never been disputed by me.
That the RN continues the use the systems it bought back in the 1980's, transferring them from retired ships to newer construction as a cost-saving measure has never been disputed by me.
It isn't just the USN. Rapid-fire small caliber gun-based CIWS are falling out of favor with many navies around the world as a primary means of close-range hard-kill defense against anti-ship missiles.

Nuff said.
 
You use the combat record of a system used on land to shoot down mortar bombs to support the performance record of a system designed to be used on a pitching and rolling ships deck against missiles without saying that is what you are doing which is at least, deceitful.

The US has been making equipment that can perform on things that not only pitch and roll but move for just as long.

We have had M1A1 Abrams tanks shooting and hitting targets at over 40 MPH while moving over rough terrain in Iraq and Kuwait. With gyroscopic stabilization and computers, this is nothing really challenging. Just watch the video sometime of an M1A1 moving through rough terrain with the stabilization turned on. The tank moves up and down and cants sideways, the barrel remains level and on-target the entire time.

And we handled that just fine in traditional Naval Gunfire going back a great many decades.

Sorry, bringing in something that does not even apply here at all.

CIWS is falling out of favor? Come on now, have a reference to back that up? And what is going to replace it?
 
The US has been making equipment that can perform on things that not only pitch and roll but move for just as long.

We have had M1A1 Abrams tanks shooting and hitting targets at over 40 MPH while moving over rough terrain in Iraq and Kuwait. With gyroscopic stabilization and computers, this is nothing really challenging. Just watch the video sometime of an M1A1 moving through rough terrain with the stabilization turned on. The tank moves up and down and cants sideways, the barrel remains level and on-target the entire time.

And we handled that just fine in traditional Naval Gunfire going back a great many decades.

Sorry, bringing in something that does not even apply here at all.

CIWS is falling out of favor? Come on now, have a reference to back that up? And what is going to replace it?

You are the one who seems to be claiming that firing at mortar bombs in the desert from a fixed, well-secured platform in a low electronic emissions environment is comparable to shooting from a moving ship at maneuvering supersonic missiles on the open sea in the presence of many types of electronic emissions, active and passive countermeasures.

I don't see those as comparable scenarios.

If you don't think small-caliber rapid-fire gun based anti-missile CIWS are on the decline just meander through a few editions of Jane's at say 10 year intervals. The trend should become obvious. A big peak in sales and installations in the late 80's to early 90's followed by a rapid drop off. You've got South Korea still buying new Goalkeeper and Phalanx installations (principally for anti-surface use, RAM being preferred for anti-missile work) but beyond that who is buying new systems these days? Very short list. Even the U.S. Navy, as mentioned has dropped Phalanx completely from most of its new construction - LCS, Zumwalt, the LPD's, etc,... and a reduction from 2 to1 mounting on late DDG-51's. When was the last time the USN bought a new production system?

Phalanx survives and is being upgraded because it was widely deployed in the 80's and 90's and ships built during that period still depend on it. As those go away so will Phalanx. The obvious replacement to fill the Phalanx niche in the anti-missile role is one you have already alluded to - RAM in ships that can support it and SeaRAM in others. That's just happening 2 decades later than planned.
 
If you don't think small-caliber rapid-fire gun based anti-missile CIWS are on the decline just meander through a few editions of Jane's at say 10 year intervals. The trend should become obvious. A big peak in sales and installations in the late 80's to early 90's followed by a rapid drop off.

That is obvious I would think. Countries were buying them to retrofit onto their already existing ships.

The Kidd class destroyers which were built for Iran did not have the Phalanx, but after they were seized and given to the US Navy, they were retrofitted with the Phalanx.

The Spruance class destroyers predate the Phalanx, but after it was developed they were retrofitted.

Remember, in the mid and late 1980's the US and Soviets were in a Naval Arms Race, so both countries and their allies were retrofitting CIWS systems onto anything that could float. And their allies were doing the same thing, putting the system on 30 and 40 year old ships.

Now all of the old ships have such a system, so the demand is only for new ships. We were putting them on ships that were first built for WWII, but were still in service. Now, all of those ships have them, and new ship construction is a fraction of what it was in the Cold War, so of course sales have dropped off. But with the exception of the LCS and submarines, what new ships do major nations build without some kind of CIWS system?
 
That is obvious I would think. Countries were buying them to retrofit onto their already existing ships.

The Kidd class destroyers which were built for Iran did not have the Phalanx, but after they were seized and given to the US Navy, they were retrofitted with the Phalanx.

The Spruance class destroyers predate the Phalanx, but after it was developed they were retrofitted.

Remember, in the mid and late 1980's the US and Soviets were in a Naval Arms Race, so both countries and their allies were retrofitting CIWS systems onto anything that could float. And their allies were doing the same thing, putting the system on 30 and 40 year old ships.

One of the advantages of Phalanx is that it has very little ship impact. It is one of the very few, probably only gun CIWS systems that can more-or-less be simply bolted down wherever there is enough deck space and clear firing arcs. And because it is entirely self-contained it is suitable for ships without a CDS such as auxiliaries. There is value in that even if IMHO the Mk 15 Phalanx itself is a so-so performer. Just like the 20mm Oerlikon in 1945 (which had a similar role and similar advantages/disadvantages) it is at least better than nothing.

Now all of the old ships have such a system, so the demand is only for new ships. We were putting them on ships that were first built for WWII, but were still in service. Now, all of those ships have them, and new ship construction is a fraction of what it was in the Cold War, so of course sales have dropped off. But with the exception of the LCS and submarines, what new ships do major nations build without some kind of CIWS system?

There you go strawmanning again. This conversation is and has been about the shortcomings and inevitable decline of one specific system, the Mk 15 Phalanx in the missile defense role. It is not about the concept of close-in anti-missile defense in general. In the 80's and 90's and into the naughts the USN put Mk 15 on all new construction front-line warships. Now it doesn't. Our newest warships and amphibs are not carrying it. Even 10 years ago they would have. The role Phalanx used to fill is now being filled by newer, more capable systems. Mk 15 Phalanx is being upgraded/maintained to sustain the capability on the older ships to which it was fitted decades ago, NOT because it is a truly viable option for the future.
 
According to a report in Defense News the Project Manager for the DDG-1000 program had this to say about the change from the 57mm to the 30mm gun:

The Mark 110 57mm gun, “was nowhere near meeting the requirements,” said Capt. Jim Downey, program manager for the DDG 1000 Zumwalt class.

In fact, Downey said, the 57mm gun — selected years ago for the DDG 1000 as a close-in weapon and in service as the primary gun for the littoral combat ship and Coast Guard national security cutters — is overrated.

“They were significantly over-modeled on the lethality,” he said. “The results of the actual live test-fire data was that the round was not as effective as modeled.”

For the DDG 1000’s particular requirements, however, Downey said the 30mm met more overall performance points than the 76mm or 57mm guns. All three guns were part of his program review, with the 30 coming in just ahead of the 76 and significantly ahead of the 57.


The program manager also contends the lighter weight of the Mk46 was not a consideration.

“That is absurd, the fact that we changed the guns for weights,” he said in a September interview. “The weight had zero, absolutely, 100 percent nothing to do with the decision on the guns.”

Experts Question US Navy's Decision To Swap Out DDG 1000's Secondary Gun | Defense News | defensenews.com
 
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