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Teeth marks suggest 'terror bird' was killed by reptile 13 million years ago

Some days you get the bear. Some days the bear gets you.
 
Indeed, they were after all TERROR birds. Which also means the crocodilomorph that attacked it wasn't exactly a small croc.
I'm glad I live in an era where there's no birds taller than me that have teeth and they're not even the top of the food chain.
 
Carbon dating.
They must have used a different dating method. Perhaps potassium-argon.


"
Radiocarbon dating, or carbon-14 dating, is a scientific method that can accurately determine the age of organic materials as old as approximately 60,000 years.

First developed in the late 1940s at the University of Chicago by Willard Libby, the technique is based on the decay of the carbon-14 isotope. Radiocarbon dating has been used for historical studies and atmospheric science, and triggered archaeology’s “radiocarbon revolution.”
 
They must have used a different dating method. Perhaps potassium-argon.


"
Radiocarbon dating, or carbon-14 dating, is a scientific method that can accurately determine the age of organic materials as old as approximately 60,000 years.

First developed in the late 1940s at the University of Chicago by Willard Libby, the technique is based on the decay of the carbon-14 isotope. Radiocarbon dating has been used for historical studies and atmospheric science, and triggered archaeology’s “radiocarbon revolution.”
Or...

Uranium-thorium-lead dating​

For the world's oldest objects, uranium-thorium-lead dating is the most useful method. "We use it to date the Earth," Higham said. While radiocarbon dating is useful only for materials that were once alive, scientists can use uranium-thorium-lead dating to measure the age of objects such as rocks. In this method, scientists measure the quantity of a variety of different radioactive isotopes, all of which decay into stable forms of lead. These separate chains of decay begin with the breakdown of uranium-238, uranium-235 and thorium-232.
 
Or...

Uranium-thorium-lead dating​

For the world's oldest objects, uranium-thorium-lead dating is the most useful method. "We use it to date the Earth," Higham said. While radiocarbon dating is useful only for materials that were once alive, scientists can use uranium-thorium-lead dating to measure the age of objects such as rocks. In this method, scientists measure the quantity of a variety of different radioactive isotopes, all of which decay into stable forms of lead. These separate chains of decay begin with the breakdown of uranium-238, uranium-235 and thorium-232.
I wonder if carbon was found in those fossils?

Regarding the lead dating, I wonder how we would know how much "parent" material was there at the beginning.
 
As the fossil is bone it would contain carbon.
The fossil is not bone.

If it was millions of years old, the carbon content would be too small to be measured.
 
The fossil is not bone.

If it was millions of years old, the carbon content would be too small to be measured.

It's bone.

At that time, it was a humid swamp, where river sediments trapped and fossilised the bones of dead animals, resulting in the preserved remains found there today.

This particular bone was first discovered about 15 years ago by local fossil collector César Augusto Perdomo.

Since it's bone it's carbon based.
 
It's bone.

"

How Fossils Work​

Most of the dinosaur skeletons you see in museums exist because of sedimentary rocks. These fossils got their start when a dinosaur died in an environment that had lots of moving sediment, like an ocean, riverbed or lake. One such place is the benthic zone -- the deepest part of a body of water. This sediment quickly buried the dinosaur, offering its body some protection it from decomposition. While the dinosaur's soft parts still eventually decomposed, its hard parts -- bones, teeth and claws -- remained.


But a buried bone isn't the same thing as a fossil -- to become a fossil, the bone has to become rock. The organic parts of the bone, like blood cells, collagen (a protein), and fat, eventually break down. But the inorganic parts of the bone, or the parts made from minerals like calcium, have more staying power. They remain after the organic materials have disappeared, creating a fragile, porous mineral in the shape of the original bone.

Other minerals reinforce this bone, burning into a fossil. Water gradually makes its way into the bone, carrying minerals like iron and calcium carbonate picked up from the surrounding sediment. As the water penetrates the dinosaur's bones, some of these minerals precipitate into their microscopic pores. As this process continues, the bone becomes more and more rocklike. It's like filling a sponge with glue -- the sponge's physical structure stays the same, and the pores and pockets within it fill up. The glue makes the sponge sturdier and more resistant to damage. Large, thick bones, which have more room for mineral glue, make better fossils than small, flat bones.
Since it's bone it's carbon based.
Even if true, the carbon dating is only good until 60k years.
 

"

How Fossils Work​

Most of the dinosaur skeletons you see in museums exist because of sedimentary rocks. These fossils got their start when a dinosaur died in an environment that had lots of moving sediment, like an ocean, riverbed or lake. One such place is the benthic zone -- the deepest part of a body of water. This sediment quickly buried the dinosaur, offering its body some protection it from decomposition. While the dinosaur's soft parts still eventually decomposed, its hard parts -- bones, teeth and claws -- remained.


But a buried bone isn't the same thing as a fossil -- to become a fossil, the bone has to become rock. The organic parts of the bone, like blood cells, collagen (a protein), and fat, eventually break down. But the inorganic parts of the bone, or the parts made from minerals like calcium, have more staying power. They remain after the organic materials have disappeared, creating a fragile, porous mineral in the shape of the original bone.

Other minerals reinforce this bone, burning into a fossil. Water gradually makes its way into the bone, carrying minerals like iron and calcium carbonate picked up from the surrounding sediment. As the water penetrates the dinosaur's bones, some of these minerals precipitate into their microscopic pores. As this process continues, the bone becomes more and more rocklike. It's like filling a sponge with glue -- the sponge's physical structure stays the same, and the pores and pockets within it fill up. The glue makes the sponge sturdier and more resistant to damage. Large, thick bones, which have more room for mineral glue, make better fossils than small, flat bones.

Even if true, the carbon dating is only good until 60k years.
When I lived in Arizona I visited Petrified Forest National Park. Those trees were rocks.
 
When I lived in Arizona I visited Petrified Forest National Park. Those trees were rocks.
Yes.

Some of those "trees" exist through multiple epochal layers. I have always found that intriguing.
 
It's bone.



Since it's bone it's carbon based.
A fossil is not actually bone anymore. Organic material does not last this long. But fossilization that basically makes it inorganic still make ancient skeletal parts (well most often skeletal parts) survive the test of time.
 
A fossil is not actually bone anymore. Organic material does not last this long. But fossilization that basically makes it inorganic still make ancient skeletal parts (well most often skeletal parts) survive the test of time.
A fossil can be bone. In this case they refer to it as bone.

As for how long organic material can last we know at least 3.5 billion years...


And tissue that is about 195 million years was found in a Lufengosaurus rib, also real bone.

 
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