the same T. Snyder
The evidence of atrocity and of intent mounts
and
Other states have a legal and moral duty to stop Moscow.
According to human rights activists, Russian troops systematically committed the following crimes in Chechnya: the destruction of cities and villages, not justified by military necessity; shelling and bombardment of unprotected settlements; summary extrajudicial executions and killings of civilians; torture, ill-treatment and infringement of human dignity; serious bodily harm intentionally inflicted on persons not directly participating in hostilities; deliberate strikes against the civilian population, civilian and medical vehicles; illegal detentions of the civilian population; enforced disappearances; looting and destruction of civilian and public property; extortion; taking hostages for ransom; corpse trade.
[105] There were also rapes,
[108][109][110] which, along with women, were also subjected to men.
[9] In addition, as in the times of the Caucasian War of the 19th century,
[116] there were recorded cases of demonstrative defecation by the Russian military in residential and public premises of Chechens.
[117]
The fact that genocide against the Chechen people is being committed in Chechnya has been mentioned in different years by human rights activists,[121][122] organizations,
[97][123][124][125] journalists,
[126][127][128][93][11][129] publicists,
[10][130][131][132][133] cultural figures,
[134][135][136][137] politicians,
[12][138] residents of Chechnya
[144][145][146] and others.
[147][148]