1. The Trinity Distinguishes Our God
Many assume Muslims, Jews, and Christians worship the
same God. In reality, Muslims and non-Messianic Jews profess a mono-personal god, rather than the tri-personal God of the Trinity. This distinction is critical.
A mono-personal god could not be eternally loving and gracious. Before he created the world, he couldn’t have loved; at least, he could have only loved himself. He would best be defined in his solitude by self-serving egotism. That leads to a worldview prioritizing power, as opposed to our Christian worldview that considers love the most important commandment and enduring virtue (
Matt. 22:36–40;
1 Cor. 13:13).
We believe God never has or will change. We also believe God is love (
1 John 4:8). The Trinity explains how God was love before he created. The three persons divinely and eternally loved one another. He has always, in himself, been defined by love.
At the same time, our tri-personal God must be distinguished from polytheism—for example, the Brahma, Vishnu, and Shiva of Hinduism. We do not worship three gods. The Lord our God is one (
Deut. 6:4).
As world religions continue to multiply, and against a rising tide of universalism, this distinctive will only become more essential to how we communicate our faith.
2. The Trinity Makes Sense of the Old Testament
The early church coined the term “Trinity” in the late second century to articulate the mystery revealed by Christ (
Eph. 1:9; 3:3). But the first glimpses of plurality within God are recorded in the Old Testament, not the New.
From the first chapter, the Spirit of God is introduced (
Gen. 1:2), and God refers to himself by the plural pronouns “we” and “us” (
Gen. 1:26–27; 3:22; 11:7;
Isa. 6:8). While the oneness of God is strongly emphasized, the word used to describe God as “one” in Hebrew scripture,
ehūd, is an elastic term that can be used to describe unity in diversity. Similarly, “Elohim” and “Adonai,” used for God in the Old Testament, are plural terms, perhaps foreshadowing a reality not yet fully revealed.
More than 100 times, the Old Testament mentions the Spirit of God. It also teaches of a coming defeater of the enemy (
Gen. 3:15), a Son of Man appearing with the Ancient of Days (
Dan. 7:9–14), a Son to be revered (
Ps. 2:11–12), a virgin birth of a child called “Mighty God” and “Everlasting Father” (
Isa. 9:6), and the angel of the Lord acknowledged as God himself (
Gen. 16:10–13; 22:12–16;
Ex. 3:1–6;
Judg. 2:1–4; 6:11–24;
Zech. 12:8).
Drawing from Exodus alone, the Gospels identify Christ as the “I Am” (
Ex. 3:14;
John 8:56–58), the rock in the wilderness (
Ex. 17;
1 Cor. 10:4), and the one who saved the Israelites from Egypt (
Jude 5). The risen Christ interpreted things concerning himself throughout all Scripture (
Luke 24:27) and even used
Psalm 110:1 to prove the Jews’ innate assumption of a second person in the Godhead.
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