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Twelver Shia Islam, also known as Imamiyyah or Ithna Ashariyya (Arabic for 12er), is the largest branch of Shia Islam. Their split from those who became known as Sunni Muslims stems from a disagreement over how Mohamed's successors should be chosen, and is exacerbated by their take on post-Qur'an events. Here is a concise summary of its core beliefs:
Core Doctrines (Usul al-Din – Principles of Faith):
Core Doctrines (Usul al-Din – Principles of Faith):
- Tawhid – Absolute monotheism: God is one and incomparable.
- Adalah – Divine justice: God is just and never acts unjustly.
- Nubuwwah – Prophethood: Muhammad is the final prophet.
- Imamah – Leadership: God appoints Imams as spiritual and temporal leaders (not in the Qur'an, unlike the other four).
- Ma’ad – Resurrection: All humans will be resurrected and judged.
- Twelvers believe that after the Prophet Muhammad, leadership of the Muslim community was divinely designated to a line of twelve infallible Imams, starting with Ali ibn Abi Talib and ending with Muhammad al-Mahdi, who is currently in occultation and will return as the Mahdi to bring justice.
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