First, a lot of people say that the Episcopal Church is "Catholic lite" - meaning that it's nearly the same as the Catholic Church, but it easier to deal with. The churches are quite different although their liturgical structures are nearly identical.
Second, your question on prayer. Both churches share some of the same prayers. The main prayer difference that I recall is the Hail Mary. That is a very important Catholic prayer that does not exist in the Episcopal Church as far as I know. Episcopalians also do not pray the rosary. They also rarely, if ever, pray to saints - something that is common in Catholicism.
Finally, the best place to learn about the Episcopal Church is to examine its Book of Common Prayer (BCP). It is excellently put together and anyone who reads it will understand exactly what the Church's foundations are.
This is the part of the BCP that explains the Church's beliefs about things like sin, human nature, God, et al.. The answers are very brief and its easy to read:
An Outline of the Faith
This is the entire BCP:
Table of Contents