My thoughts
First I'd like to address the idea that these shows undermined traditional values. IMO, nothing could be further from the truth. When evaluated objectively, one sees that the moral of the episodes tended to be very supportive of traditional values. When hubby deceives his wife so that he could have a weekend of fun with the boys, instead of going to some boring family affair, his deceit is discovered. The moral being "honesty is the best policy". When he gets involved in some hare-brained get-rich-quick scheme, it fails and the lesson is "There is no free lunch" and "Hard work leads to success", etc.
Now, onto the appeal of this formula. I think the poster who mentioned role reversal hit closest to the point. However, that begs the question of why is this role reversal so funny? Why would any man want to see others representing themselves be portrayed as a bumbling, deceitful, fool?
IMO, it has to do with how we feel about traditional gender roles(TGR). According to TGR, it's a man's job to go out and work and support the family. And when he's not working, he's supposed to lead his family with his wisdom about life. It's a big responsibility, and we all realize that we may not be able to do a perfect job of it.
The sitcom formula allows men to indulge the fantasy of being able to set their responsibilities to the side, and imagine living more like a child. Indulging their impulses, and pursuing pleasure without worrying how it affects others while at the same time encouraging them to think "I may not be perfect, but at least I'm not as bad as that guy"
Slapping the label "self-deprecating" doesn't change the fact that it portrayed the male head of household as a boob, nor does it change the fact that the Honeymooners was not the only sit com to do this.
It also does not explain why so many viewers who were male head of households enjoyed the show.
In I Love Lucy, Ricky was not particularly boobish but he was clueless and clearly not in control of his family. Not exactly very supportive of traditional gender roles in family life. Also, Fred was a boob.
Hmm - well. I've actually found this interesting. I read through the previous-give list I linked to (the 50). Shows given that are 'families' - with both a mom and a dad:
46. How I Met Your Mother - Never seen it, can't comment on the show with a solid answer but it seems that they're all well respected, successful people, generally speaking - they are all being made fun of at time person individual and lifestyle choices.
44. That ’70s Show - Red is portrayed as a successful business man / father. He's rigid, though. His wife, Kat, is a bit of a scatterbrain but in the end, they're decent people - with a bunch of idiots for kids.
42. Everybody Loves Raymond - They're all made fun of. Even the wife.
39. I Love Lucy - Lucy is often the one made fun of, but so is Ricky, just not as much.
35. Happy Days - Both parents are respectable and responsible. They all get into quirky situations from time to time, but mostly it follows the kids.
30. The Honeymooners - You asked why his self-depreciating humor is funny. Well, that's because it's just funny. The women also get involved in various silly issues. It is a sit-com, after all. without the comedy and a target to be laughing at, it's not a sit com.
28. Diff’rent Strokes - The parents (or step, whatevr may have been the case) were presented as respected mentors.
26. The Wonder Years - Presents both mom and dad as being employed, educated, and respectable. The funniness is aimed at the children.
23. Roseanne - Both parents are presented as being fat dopes with dopey kids.
22. Growing Pains - Both parents were successful and respectable, while everyone were at the center of various funny bits from time to time.
20. The Fresh Prince of Bel Air - Both parents were successful and respectable, while everyone found their selves at the center of various jokes.
19. Family Guy - so far, off this list, this is just the 2nd show that portrays him as being a dope, and her as being the opposite.
18. Modern Family - Both parents seem successful and respectable, while everyone were at the center of various funny bits from time to time.
17. The Jeffersons - This might fit into your questioning roles. George was intelligent and successful at the same time, though. They all just did stupid things. It is a sit-com like all the others.
16. All in the Family - Both were presented as dopes. Somewhat like Roseanne, but with racism.
13. The Simpsons - Same thing as family guy
10. Family Ties - Both were successful and respectable with the occasional situation because of what they did.
6. Married with Children - both were dopes
4. Arrested Development - I'm not sure where this falls. All are successful dopes? LOL
2. The Cosby Show - Both parents were respectable and successful
The only one I can think of that's not on this list is Malcolm in the Middle - both parents are successful dopes.
So - just from this list. There are 21 shows that follow a family and 7 follow, or somewhat follow, your point. (28%). Whereas 7 out of 50 sitcoms = 14% that follow your point.
In all due honesty - that's not very many, especially when you consider the number of those which present both parents, or everyone, as being idiots.
Is this far from reality? Well - no. It's not. A lot of families have the "respectable head of household" and a lot of families have "an idiot for a head of household" . . . just because males aren't presented as ALWAYS being the "rule enforcer, successful at work, and worth looking up to" doesn't mean that there's a problem
Why - on the other hand - do you expect otherwise? Why focus on "head of household being made fun of" and not "the Mom's being made fun of"
Or - more so - why do you look at the dopey parent as being "the head of the household" just because they're male? Did you consider that, in reality, what they're doing is presenting the OTHER one (female whose not the dope) as the head of the household instead?