Yarn
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Summary: A wall would reduce illegal immigration by a fraction of a third. Over the course of many years, it would reduce the illegal immigrant population by a fraction of that fraction. Therefore, a wall would be ineffective.
Derivation:
Around 300,000 are apprehended by year crossing the border. The border control claims to catch 80%; others claim they only catch 50%. At most, that would imply that 150,000 get through. Every year, about 500,000 who came here legally become illegal immigrants by not leaving when they are scheduled to. In other words, two thirds of new illegal immigrants are a result of over stays. Additionally, over 11 million illegal immigrants are already here. A wall isn't going to make them leave; about 17x as many illegal immigrants are already as enter per year.
https://www.bloomberg.com/graphics/2017-trump-mexico-wall/will-a-wall-be-effective/
Others agree with my math (for 2017):
"It also projected that overstays made up about two-thirds of the total number of people who became unauthorized immigrants in the U.S. that year."
https://www.politifact.com/californ...-true-visa-overstays-account-half-all-people/
You have a 2,000 mile long border; understaffed; it can and is tunneled under; people are smuggled through check points; they can go around the land border by sea.
Most existing barriers are in the west, and they have gradually expanded eastward. Concurrent to this, migration traffic has shifted eastward. Concurrent to this, proportionally speaking border crossings have become less common and over stays more common. In effect, walls have been effective at changing illegal immigration methods, but not at eliminating illegal immigration.
Note, i'm not saying it shouldn't be built. It is very important to Trump and his supporters and can be used to get substantive concessions on other issues, such as the dreamers. But it isn't a decisive fix the way that going after employers would be. In general, it is easier to control the behavior of those who have a lot to lose.
Derivation:
Around 300,000 are apprehended by year crossing the border. The border control claims to catch 80%; others claim they only catch 50%. At most, that would imply that 150,000 get through. Every year, about 500,000 who came here legally become illegal immigrants by not leaving when they are scheduled to. In other words, two thirds of new illegal immigrants are a result of over stays. Additionally, over 11 million illegal immigrants are already here. A wall isn't going to make them leave; about 17x as many illegal immigrants are already as enter per year.
https://www.bloomberg.com/graphics/2017-trump-mexico-wall/will-a-wall-be-effective/
Others agree with my math (for 2017):
"It also projected that overstays made up about two-thirds of the total number of people who became unauthorized immigrants in the U.S. that year."
https://www.politifact.com/californ...-true-visa-overstays-account-half-all-people/
You have a 2,000 mile long border; understaffed; it can and is tunneled under; people are smuggled through check points; they can go around the land border by sea.
Most existing barriers are in the west, and they have gradually expanded eastward. Concurrent to this, migration traffic has shifted eastward. Concurrent to this, proportionally speaking border crossings have become less common and over stays more common. In effect, walls have been effective at changing illegal immigration methods, but not at eliminating illegal immigration.
Note, i'm not saying it shouldn't be built. It is very important to Trump and his supporters and can be used to get substantive concessions on other issues, such as the dreamers. But it isn't a decisive fix the way that going after employers would be. In general, it is easier to control the behavior of those who have a lot to lose.
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