Historical Timeline of Concrete

[Garry Denke]

Arizona State Devil No. 1

9000 BC
Gobekli Tepe terrazzo floors (enclosure B layer III) and rectangular buildings of layer II. Mesolithic to Neolithic type of concrete in Anatolia (western Asia), constructed of burnt lime and clay, with aggregate.
6500 BC
Nabataean geopolymer type of Stone age concrete in Syria, permanent heating and cooking fire pits. Primitive form of calcining on exterior faces of limestone rocks lining the fire pits.
5600 BC
The earliest concrete yet discovered in Europe was developed along the Danube River in Yugoslavia. Stone age hunters or fishermen mixed red lime, sand, gravel and water.
4400 BC
Stonehenge builders mixed Ancient concrete, pulverized Bluestone volcanic ash and tuff (Pozzolan) together with crushed in situ Calcium carbonate (CaCO3) lime.
3000 BC
Chinese used cementitious materials to hold bamboo together in their boats and in the Great Wall. The Chinese used concrete in Gansu Province in northwest China.
2500 BC
Egyptians mixed mud with straw to bind dried bricks. Also furthered the discovery of lime and gypsum mortar as a binding agent for building the Pyramids.
800 BC
Babylonians and Assyrians used a bitumen to bind stone and bricks. This allowed them to combine both large and small stone objects together.
601 BC
Stonehenge Altar of Burnt Offering (containing 7 gold relics) Topfill, 0.6 meter of pulverized Bluestone (volcanic ash and tuff) aggregate and lime, 3.7 meters Southeast of Heel Stone (above Anatolia's micaceous Altar Stone base.
600 BC
Greeks discovered a natural Pozzolan on Santorini Island that developed hydraulic properties when mixed with lime. This made it possible to produce concrete that would harden under water, as well as in the air.
400 BC
Petra (Greek, "city of rock"), also known as Sila, ancient city of Arabia (now southwestern Jordan). The stronghold and treasure city of the Nabataeans, an Arab people.
300 BC
Romans used slaked lime and volcanic ash (Pozzolan), found near Pozzouli, Italy by the bay of Naples. Pliny the Elder reported a mortar mixture of 1 part lime to 4 parts sand. Vitruvius reported 2 parts of Pozzolan to 1 part lime.
193 BC
Porticus Aemilia made of bound stones to form concrete.
75 BC
Romans use a pozzolanic, hydraulic cement to build the theater at Pompeii and the Roman baths. The cement was a ground mix of lime and a volcanic ash containing silica and alumina.
44 BC
Palatine Hill (Latin: Palatium), the centermost of the 7 hills of Rome, one of the most ancient parts of the city of Rome, Italy. It is some 70 meters high.
25 BC
Ancient harbor at Caesarea, Israel built by Herod the Great.
AD 24
Stonehenge Altar of Burnt Offering (containing 7 gold relics) Backfill, 0.6 meter of pulverized Bluestone (volcanic ash and tuff) aggregate and lime, 1.2 to 1.8 meters below Heel Stone base. Eastern bottom of Scroll Trench.

Concrete Helper- A Concrete Industry Resource ? History of Concrete

O LUCIFER
the Devil
Satan

 

[longview]

I had no idea that Concrete had such a long history.
It does make a bit of sense, because limestone could be broken down in a campfire and the seen to be changed if the fire
was put out with water.
Sort of like copper was likely discovered when it melted out of rocks.
Bronze and Iron are much more likely actual inventions rather than chance discoveries,
although there may be places where tin and copper exists near each other.

 

[humbolt]

The history of human back problems tracks closely with the history of concrete.

 

[Garry Denke]

View attachment 67250021














Arizona State Devil No. 1

4400 BC
Stonehenge builders mixed Ancient concrete, pulverized Bluestone volcanic ash and tuff (Pozzolan) together with crushed in situ Calcium carbonate (CaCO3) lime.
601 BC
Stonehenge Altar of Burnt Offering (containing 7 gold relics) Topfill, 0.4 metre of pulverized Bluestone (volcanic ash and tuff) aggregate and lime, 3.7 meters Southeast of Heel Stone (under Anatolia's micaceous Altar Stone base.
AD 24
Stonehenge Altar of Burnt Offering (containing 7 gold relics) Backfill, 1.6 metre of pulverized Bluestone (volcanic ash and tuff) aggregate and lime, 1.2 to 2.8 metre below Heel Stone base. Eastern bottom of Scroll Trench.

Concrete Helper- A Concrete Industry Resource ? History of Concrete

O LUCIFER
the Devil
Satan

I had no idea that Concrete had such a long history.
It does make a bit of sense, because limestone could be broken down in a campfire and
the seen to be changed if the fire was put out with water.
Sort of like copper was likely discovered when it melted out of rocks.
Bronze and Iron are much more likely actual inventions rather than chance discoveries,
although there may be places where tin and copper exists near each other.

The history of human back problems tracks closely with the history of concrete.

True, yep. True, LOL. Note: Concrete thicknesses corrected.
(see why I am Devil No. 1? Dadgum errors! Up & down!)

O LUCIFER
the Devil
Satan