26 X World Champs said:
I'm wondering what people's views are on this subject? Some theoretical questions:
For example, did Heaven only open after Christ was born?
What about those who knew God but died in Old Testament times?
How about those to whom the Gospel is never preached, or who, due to prior prejudice or misinformation, are unable to understand it when they hear it?
Or those who live a life of good works while practicing some other religion (or none)?
How about those who seek God’s mercy while practicing some other religion (or none)?
You're asking some pretty deep theological questions that have been debated for two thousand years now, and are still debated... and there's a really good reason why: no one knows for sure.
Here are some of the theories that I have been introduced to and think are more likely than others I have heard, but again this is all theory theology...
Firstly, you have to remember that in the OT there was no mention of how one might get into a heavenly afterlife. In the OT, heaven was a current place in which Adonia and His angels reside. Only in the New Testament does Jesus say there is a place for us in heaven, and that to achieve that one must accept Him as savior. Now, that being said: I suppose it is arguable that the gates of heaven only opened up to human souls at the time in which He made His sacrifice, although you remember that Ezekial (?) was taken to heaven before he passed away.
But there are also verses in the NT that suggest that our souls do not descend until Christ returns to earth (this is all in Revelations), so there is a possibility that when Jesus turned to the man on the cross next to Him, and said "today you will join me in paradise", He was speaking of a place that was not heaven at all.
Regarding the OT folk, I have heard it argued that perhaps as long as they held to their covenant with God during their life, then Jesus will speak for them, although I'm not sure we have scriptual evidence of that.
As far as those who never hear the message of Christ's salvation, I do not know their fate, and I do not think that any of us do. The scriptures definitely say that without Christ, no man can enter the kingdom of heaven. And really, for the most part, if there are people in the world who have, by the end of their lives not heard the gospel, is that God's fault or our's as Christians for not going above and beyond to fulfill His commandment to tell the world of His good news? It is impossible to know the fate of those who do not hear the gospel, but to attempt to make a decision either way is speaking for God, and none of us are justified in doing that. It is His kingdom, and He has the absolute right to not let any of us in.
As far as good works: I do not believe it matters how "good" you were in your life. Jesus said that no man is "good" and certainly no one is good enough to deserve to spend eternity with God in His kingdom. So I honestly believe that your actions in life have nothing to do with whether or not you get into heaven, only whether or not you seek the gift of sacrifice that Christ made for you. Good actions make for a good life, not a good eternity.
As far as those seeking God's mercy, that is a tough call. Muslims for example: many of the our devout to their faith. They are well educated and incredibly devoted to it. They seek God to be in their lives. But, either they have heard the gospel or they have not. If they have not heard the gospel, then they fall under the first group, and that is at God's discretion. If they have heard the gospel, then they have heard it, and chosen not to follow it. Granted, they do have prior bias, so is that really a fair call? But many of us have had prior biases before we came to Christ. Many Christians began as aethists, Muslims, Buddhists, and all other types of faiths. So why should those people who did have the faith to make the sacrifice of accepting Christ be no more blessed than those who ignored it and went on with their life? Again, another tough call, and one that only God Himself has the authority and the right to make.