Verses 9:95 through 9:98 not only heap more abuse on the Hypocrites, but drive home the fact that their refusal to fight makes them
"impure, wrongdoing, stubborn in disbelief, and resentful of spending in the cause of God".
Verse 9:105 -
"Work; and God will surely see your work" (and others like it that I have not bothered to cite) are more subtle. If read alone,
"work" does not obviously refer to fighting. It takes context to see that jihad is the job at hand.
Verse 9:111 illustrates the final direction in which Islam was taken in its two-decades of evolution -
"Surely Allah has bought of the believers their persons and their property for this, that they shall have the garden; they fight in Allah's way, so they slay and are slain; a promise which is binding on Him in the Taurat and the Injeel and the Quran; and who is more faithful to his covenant than Allah? Rejoice therefore in the pledge which you have made; and that is the mighty achievement". Not only must Muslims fight and die to get into Heaven, they are required to do so with a smile.
The tafsir (scholarly interpretation) by 14th century exegete, Ibn Kathir, of verse 9:123 -
"O you who believe! Fight those of the disbelievers who are close to you" - states that,
"Allah commands the believers to fight the disbelievers, the closest in area to the Islamic state, then the farthest. This is why
the Messenger of Allah started fighting the idolaters in the Arabian Peninsula. When he finished with them and Allah gave him control over Makkah, Al-Madinah, At-Ta'if, Yemen, Yamamah, Hajr, Khaybar, Hadramawt and other Arab provinces, and the various Arab tribes entered Islam in large crowds,
he then started fighting the People of the Scriptures. He began preparations to fight the Romans who were the closest in area to the Arabian Peninsula, and as such, had the most right to be called to Islam, especially since they were from the People of the Scriptures
".
Al-Quran Tafsir, the explanation of the Quran, the sacred scripture of Islam, or of Quranic commentary.
www.alim.org