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Zhores Medvedev's Life: A Chilling Reminder of How the Soviets Weaponized Psychiatry against Dissidents
I believe the practice still exists in today's Russian Federation. After her capture in an occupied territory of Ukraine, Ukrainian pilot Nadiya Savchenko was hustled off to a prison in Russia. After initiating a hunger strike, Savchenko was moved to a former KGB psychiatric hospital in Moscow and subjected to forced "psychiatric evaluation". She was never the same after that period of incarceration. Released in a prisoner swap on 25 May 2016, Savchenko was arrested in Ukraine in March 2018 and charged with planning a government coup with two other co-plotters, to which she admitted participation. She currently awaits trial on conspiracy charges.
12/23/18
The New York Times obituary opened with a simple recitation of facts: “Zhores A. Medvedev, the Soviet biologist, writer and dissident who was declared insane, confined to a mental institution and stripped of his citizenship in the 1970s after attacking a Stalinist pseudoscience, died … in London.” The warped thought process that led to the perversion and weaponization of psychiatry in the Soviet Union can be traced back to the communist icon and thought leader Karl Marx. Marx propounded a spurious doctrine known as “polylogism” to justify stifling dissent. According to Marx, different classes of people had different structures in their minds. Thus, Marx declared the bourgeoisie to be mentally defective because they were inherently unable to comprehend Marx’s (allegedly) revelatory and progressive theories. The practice of categorizing one’s enemies as “insane” became a ready tool of suppression in the Soviet state founded by Lenin and developed under Stalin. The USSR’s infamous secret police energetically wielded quack psychiatry as a club with which to destroy political dissidents.
The incarceration of Zhores Medvedev in psychiatric hospitals in the 1970s was a monstrous injustice. His “crime” was having exposed the bizarre pseudoscience of Lysenkoism that Stalin had embraced in the 1950s. Lysenko’s quack theories led to deadly crop failures and widespread starvation. Nevertheless, Stalin backed him by executing scientists who dared to disagree with Lysenko. Millions of innocents lost their lives because “truth” in the Soviet Union wasn’t scientific but political. Sadly, the practice of branding political opponents as “insane” is not confined to the now-defunct Soviet state. In 1981, when I was completing my master’s thesis on Solzhenitsyn, I telephoned an American college professor of history to ask whether he recalled if Solzhenitsyn had been granted honorary US citizenship. (He hadn’t. President Ford didn’t want to offend the Soviet leadership.) The reply to my question was this: “Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn belongs in an insane asylum.” The virus of Marx’s polylogism is, unfortunately, alive and well in American academia. As for Zhores Medvedev, may he now rest in peace and receive his reward for his integrity and courage.
I believe the practice still exists in today's Russian Federation. After her capture in an occupied territory of Ukraine, Ukrainian pilot Nadiya Savchenko was hustled off to a prison in Russia. After initiating a hunger strike, Savchenko was moved to a former KGB psychiatric hospital in Moscow and subjected to forced "psychiatric evaluation". She was never the same after that period of incarceration. Released in a prisoner swap on 25 May 2016, Savchenko was arrested in Ukraine in March 2018 and charged with planning a government coup with two other co-plotters, to which she admitted participation. She currently awaits trial on conspiracy charges.