I shall explain:
our rights come from a higher power, they come to us because of our humanity.
every single citizen, when born has a vast amount of rights endowed to them.
the founders recognized this and they when creating a new government, sought to protect those endowed rights of every citizen from government, because they knew by reading history, that government power is something which must be kept under control, let it get out of control and become to big, it WILL violate the rights of the citizen.
they created a constitution first without a bill of rights, which was meant to be strictly limited, the federal government would have only enumerated powers, and all other powers not enumerated would be state power and reserved to the people.
some members of the constitutional convention did not believe the constitution was strong enough and would not stop the federal government from creasing power and violating citizens rights.
so those anti-federalist as they were called demanded a bill of rights, or they would not sign on to the constitution and it being ratified.
Madison and Hamilton argued against a bill of rights, because they stated that if rights were listed, then it would in a sense limit rights to what is only written down, AND because both men stated that because the federal government was so limited by its enumerated powers, it could in no way violate the rights of the people, because none of the federal government powers have anything to do with the individual citizen.
however the anti-federalist were told if they would sign on and ratify the constitution... a bill of rights would be created, Madison agreed to this, and he kept his word, he wrote the bill of rights.
Madison wrote the bill of rights, however its name is confusing........ it is not a granting or giving of rights at all.
the preamble to the bill of rights says it ALL, the clauses of the bill of rights are prohibitions on government, that they shall not create any laws which shall infringe on the rights of citizens.
the clauses are declaratory and restrictive to the federal government.
the second(2ND) is a prohibition placed on the federal government ,that government will not create a law concerning the well regulated militia of a free state, AND the right of the people to keep and bare arms.
but today people are lead to believe government can make federal law or u.s. code and deny people their rights, because some individuals excise their rights in a way, ...government just does not like, even though that exercise is legal.
you have a right to contract.........denied by the minimum wage, affirmative action
right to association ......denied by discrimination laws.
and many other rights denied to you, because government has stepped outside its enumerated powers, and taken control from the states and the people, by instituting laws, which are not in article 1 section 8 of the constitution.